「務邊興都廟」
Gopeng Multi-Religious and Culture Conservation Program-“Kuil Sri Maha Mariamman”
作者:姚玥華a、張雅茹a、邱振航b / Writer: Yao, Y.H.(a),Chang, Y.J.(a),Chiou, J.H.(b)(日期:2013/07/13)
a:台灣清華大學,b:拉曼大學 / a:Taiwan Tsing Hua University, b:Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
校定:潘亭吾a / Reviser: Pan T.W.(a)(日期:2014/07/04)
a:台灣清華大學,b:拉曼大學 / a:Taiwan Tsing Hua University, b:Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
校定:潘亭吾a / Reviser: Pan T.W.(a)(日期:2014/07/04)
印度教為世界主要宗教之一,擁有約10億人左右的信徒,且為一多神信仰,在其神話中有著多如繁星的神祇,其中有三大主神:創造神-梵天(Brahma)、守護神-毗湿奴(Vishnu)、破壞神-濕婆(Shiva),並以吠陀經作為其宗教經典。在印度教的教義中,信徒們必須嚴格遵守名為「種性制度」的一項階級制度,其中以婆羅門為最高階集統領整個社會。印度教早在西元前就已傳入馬來西亞,當時隨著泰米爾族的移民進入,並曾在西元初期於馬來西亞建立幾個印度式的封建王國。
務邊鎮上的興都廟建造於西元1903年,並在1986年時因為年久破損而進行翻修,現今所看到的廟宇建築則為1992年翻修之後沿用至今,建造經費主要源於信徒繳納與政府撥款資助。這間興都廟在建築風格、形式以及節慶習俗上都與傳統的印度教差異不大,廟宇中的雕刻、裝飾則為印度當地運送而來。務邊興都廟中祭拜兩位主神,一位是馬里安曼(Sri Maha Mariamman),印度教中的一位女神,蓮花是她的象徵;另外一位則是印度教中的主神中(Vainnavem Saivem),是每一間興都廟都必須要祭拜的神祇,此廟便以Sri Maha Mariamman為名。務邊興都廟於2008年由其副領袖組織了一個青年社會組織,初始成員12人,至今已有15至20人,主要來自於務邊地區。成員限制除了一定要是印度人之外並無其他要求。成員們在結婚之後便不屬於這個組織。組織平常負責廟宇的清理與彩繪,以及在節慶時提供餐點的工作。青年社會組織的出現,象徵著務邊地區印度人的年輕世代對於其宗教信仰的認同。
務邊興都廟會在每年八月到九月之間舉辦Thiruvizha慶典,這個慶典不是教徒也可以參加。廟方會提供餐點給大眾,並在慶典開始前十天供奉牛奶給神明;雖然印度教徒不能吃牛,但因為平常只供奉水,所以透過供奉牛奶來表達更虔誠的敬意。另外,他們也會把神請進神轎裡遶境,代表著賜福給大眾
務邊鎮上的興都廟建造於西元1903年,並在1986年時因為年久破損而進行翻修,現今所看到的廟宇建築則為1992年翻修之後沿用至今,建造經費主要源於信徒繳納與政府撥款資助。這間興都廟在建築風格、形式以及節慶習俗上都與傳統的印度教差異不大,廟宇中的雕刻、裝飾則為印度當地運送而來。務邊興都廟中祭拜兩位主神,一位是馬里安曼(Sri Maha Mariamman),印度教中的一位女神,蓮花是她的象徵;另外一位則是印度教中的主神中(Vainnavem Saivem),是每一間興都廟都必須要祭拜的神祇,此廟便以Sri Maha Mariamman為名。務邊興都廟於2008年由其副領袖組織了一個青年社會組織,初始成員12人,至今已有15至20人,主要來自於務邊地區。成員限制除了一定要是印度人之外並無其他要求。成員們在結婚之後便不屬於這個組織。組織平常負責廟宇的清理與彩繪,以及在節慶時提供餐點的工作。青年社會組織的出現,象徵著務邊地區印度人的年輕世代對於其宗教信仰的認同。
務邊興都廟會在每年八月到九月之間舉辦Thiruvizha慶典,這個慶典不是教徒也可以參加。廟方會提供餐點給大眾,並在慶典開始前十天供奉牛奶給神明;雖然印度教徒不能吃牛,但因為平常只供奉水,所以透過供奉牛奶來表達更虔誠的敬意。另外,他們也會把神請進神轎裡遶境,代表著賜福給大眾
Hinduism is one of the main religions in the world, it has almost 1 billion followers, and it is also a polytheistic religion. In the myth of Hinduism, there are lots of gods, and among them there are three major ones : The God of Create -Brahma, The God of Protection-Vishnu, The God of Destruction-Shiva. And the religion text of Hinduism is Vedas. In Hinduism doctrine, believers should follow a hierarchical institution named “ Caste” seriously. In this institution, the “Brahman” class is on the top of this system and leads the whole society. Hinduism was preached to Malaysia by the migrants of Tamils before the century, and they had built several Indian feudal kingdoms.
The Hinduism Temple at Gopeng was built in 1903, and it had been repaired in 1986. The appearance of the building using today was built up in 1992. The funds of the construction contained contributions of followers and supports of the government. The building formation and custom of festival celebrations are not different to Hinduism tradition, and the statues and decorations come from India. This Temple is named “ Sri MahaMariamman Temple” according to the name of one of the two gods which it consecrates.The two gods are : Sri Maha Mariamman and Vainnavem Saivem. Sri Maha Mariamman is a nymph in Hinduism myth, and the lotus is her symbol. Vainnavem is a god that every Hinduism temple should fete. The vice-leader of Sri MahaMariamman Temple had founder a youth society committee. In the beginning, the members of it were only 12 people, and it bcomes 15 to 20 people today; these members mainly come from Gopeng and its neighborhood and the limitation of member qualification is only demanding Indian identity. Besides, members will leave the organization after getting married. This committee is in charge of cleaning and painting works of the temple, and offering food during festival celebrations. Besides, the membership will be ended when the member is getting married. The youth society committee symbolize the respects for the traditional religion of the young Indian generation in Gopeng.
Sri MahaMariamman Temple will hold the “Thiruvizha” celebration during the August to the November annually. This celebration has no participation limits, and the temple will offering foods for the participants. Besides, the temple will start sanctifying milk to gods. Though Hinduism followers do not eat beef, sanctifying milk means greater respects to gods since they sanctify water in normal days. In addition, they will also invite gods to take the divine sedan chair and go around the neighborhood, which means sharing the happiness to the public.
The Hinduism Temple at Gopeng was built in 1903, and it had been repaired in 1986. The appearance of the building using today was built up in 1992. The funds of the construction contained contributions of followers and supports of the government. The building formation and custom of festival celebrations are not different to Hinduism tradition, and the statues and decorations come from India. This Temple is named “ Sri MahaMariamman Temple” according to the name of one of the two gods which it consecrates.The two gods are : Sri Maha Mariamman and Vainnavem Saivem. Sri Maha Mariamman is a nymph in Hinduism myth, and the lotus is her symbol. Vainnavem is a god that every Hinduism temple should fete. The vice-leader of Sri MahaMariamman Temple had founder a youth society committee. In the beginning, the members of it were only 12 people, and it bcomes 15 to 20 people today; these members mainly come from Gopeng and its neighborhood and the limitation of member qualification is only demanding Indian identity. Besides, members will leave the organization after getting married. This committee is in charge of cleaning and painting works of the temple, and offering food during festival celebrations. Besides, the membership will be ended when the member is getting married. The youth society committee symbolize the respects for the traditional religion of the young Indian generation in Gopeng.
Sri MahaMariamman Temple will hold the “Thiruvizha” celebration during the August to the November annually. This celebration has no participation limits, and the temple will offering foods for the participants. Besides, the temple will start sanctifying milk to gods. Though Hinduism followers do not eat beef, sanctifying milk means greater respects to gods since they sanctify water in normal days. In addition, they will also invite gods to take the divine sedan chair and go around the neighborhood, which means sharing the happiness to the public.